CALCULI, URINARY
\kˈalkjʊlˌa͡ɪ], \kˈalkjʊlˌaɪ], \k_ˈa_l_k_j_ʊ_l_ˌaɪ]\
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Concretion which form from the crystallizable substances in the urine, and which are met with not only in the whole course of the urinary passages, but in fistulous openings wherever the urine stagnates naturally or accidentally. Their causes are but little known. They are more common at the two extremities of life than at the middle, and more so in some countries and districts than in others. At times, a clot of blood, a portion of mucus, &o., form the nucleus. The symptoms and treatment vary according to the seat of the calculus. There is no such thing probably as a medical solvent. See Urinary Calculi. Chymists have demonstrated the existence of several components of urinary calculi, viz., Lithic Acid, Phosphate of Lime, Ammoniaco-Magnesian Phosphate, Oxalate of Lime, Cystic Oxide, and Xanthic Oxide, with an animal cementing ingredient. The varieties of calculi, produced by the combination or intermixture of these ingredients, are thus represented by Dr. Paris.
By Robley Dunglison
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