CHOLERA EXOTOXIN
\kˈɒləɹəɹ ɛɡzˈɒtəksˌɪn], \kˈɒləɹəɹ ɛɡzˈɒtəksˌɪn], \k_ˈɒ_l_ə_ɹ_ə_ɹ ɛ_ɡ_z_ˈɒ_t_ə_k_s_ˌɪ_n]\
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The enterotoxin from Vibrio cholerae. It is a protein that consists of two major components, the heavy (H) or A peptide and the light (L) or B peptide or choleragenoid. The B peptide anchors the protein to intestinal epithelial cells, while the A peptide, enters the cytoplasm, and activates adenylate cyclase, and production of cAMP. Increased levels of cAMP are thought to modulate release of fluid and electrolytes from intestinal crypt cells.
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Word of the day
Dopamine Acetyltransferase
- An enzyme that catalyzes the of groups from acetyl-CoA to arylamines. They have wide specificity for aromatic amines, particularly serotonin, and can also catalyze acetyl transfer between arylamines without CoA. EC 2.3.1.5.